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JAEA Reports

Development of rapid and sensitive radionuclide analysis method by simultaneous analysis of $$beta$$, $$gamma$$, and X-rays (Contract research); FY2022 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project

Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science; Japan Chemical Analysis Center*

JAEA-Review 2023-022, 93 Pages, 2023/12

JAEA-Review-2023-022.pdf:4.7MB

The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2022. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2020, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of rapid and sensitive radionuclide analysis method by simultaneous analysis of $$beta$$, $$gamma$$, and X-rays" conducted from FY2020 to FY2022. The present study aims to enable rapid analysis of radionuclides in fuel debris and waste, we have established the latest measurement system, such as the multiple $$gamma$$-ray detection methods, and the Spectral Determination Method (hereinafter referred to as "SDM") was developed. In the research in 2022, we developed a code that handles measurement data of LSC, singles Ge, and 2D spectra (multiple $$gamma$$). In addition, to develop an integrated database, spectral data of 40 nuclides were obtained by actual measurements and simulation calculations.

JAEA Reports

Development of rapid and sensitive radionuclide analysis method by simultaneous analysis of $$beta$$, $$gamma$$, and X-rays (Contract research); FY2021 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project

Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science; Japan Chemical Analysis Center*

JAEA-Review 2022-037, 118 Pages, 2023/01

JAEA-Review-2022-037.pdf:6.92MB

The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2021. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2020, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of rapid and sensitive radionuclide analysis method by simultaneous analysis of $$beta$$, $$gamma$$, and X-rays" conducted in FY2021. The present study aims to enable rapid analysis of radionuclides in fuel debris and waste, we have established the latest measurement system, such as the multiple $$gamma$$-ray detection methods, and the Spectral Determination Method (hereafter referred to "SDM") was developed. In the study, the $$gamma$$-ray measuring device was installed, and the measurement system consisting of the Ge detector, CeBr$$_{3}$$ detector, and NaI detector was completed in FY2021. In the SDM development, standard spectra of $$gamma$$-ray singles, multiple $$gamma$$-ray measurements, …

Journal Articles

Neutron/$$gamma$$-ray discrimination based on the property and thickness controls of scintillators using Li glass and LiCAF(Ce) in a $$gamma$$-ray field

Kaburagi, Masaaki; Shimazoe, Kenji*; Terasaka, Yuta; Tomita, Hideki*; Yoshihashi, Sachiko*; Yamazaki, Atsushi*; Uritani, Akira*; Takahashi, Hiroyuki*

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 1046, p.167636_1 - 167636_8, 2023/01

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2022.167636
 Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：94.27(Instruments & Instrumentation)

We focus on the thickness and property controls of inorganic scintillators used for thermal neutron detection in intense $$gamma$$-ray fields without considering pulse shape discrimination techniques. GS20$$^{rm{TM}}$$ (a lithium glass) and LiCaAlF$$_6$$:Ce(LiCAF:Ce) cintillators with thicknesses of 0.5 and 1.0 mm, respectively, have been employed. Pulse signals generated by photomultiplier tubes, to which the scintillators were coupled, were inserted into a digital pulse processing unit with 1 Gsps, and the areas of waveforms were integrated for 360 ns. In a $$^{60}$$Co $$gamma$$-ray field, the neutron detection for GS20$$^{rm{TM}}$$ with a 0.5-mm thickness was possible at dose rates of up to 0.919 Gy/h; however, for LiCAF:Ce, neutron detection was possible at 0.473 Gy/h, and it failed at 0.709 Gy/h. Threfore, in a $$^{60}$$Co $$gamma$$-ray field, the neutron/$$gamma$$-ray discrimination of GS20$$^{rm{TM}}$$ was better than that of LiCAF:Ce due to its better energy resolution and higher detection efficiency.

Journal Articles

Characterization of bremsstrahlung and $$gamma$$-rays of fuel debris

Matsumura, Taichi; Okumura, Keisuke; Fujita, Manabu*; Sakamoto, Masahiro; Terashima, Kenichi; Riyana, E. S.

Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 199, p.110298_1 - 110298_8, 2022/10

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2022.110298
 Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：29.26(Chemistry, Physical)

Journal Articles

Identification and quantification of a $$^{60}$$Co radiation source under an intense $$^{137}$$Cs radiation field using an application-specific CeBr$$_3$$ spectrometer suited for use in intense radiation fields

Kaburagi, Masaaki; Shimazoe, Kenji*; Kato, Masahiro*; Kurosawa, Tadahiro*; Takahashi, Hiroyuki*

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 59(8), p.983 - 992, 2022/08

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2022.2026833
 Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.01(Nuclear Science & Technology)

JAEA Reports

Development of rapid and sensitive radionuclide analysis method by simultaneous analysis of $$beta$$, $$gamma$$, and X-rays (Contract research); FY2020 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project

Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science; Japan Chemical Analysis Center*

JAEA-Review 2021-060, 105 Pages, 2022/03

JAEA-Review-2021-060.pdf:4.59MB

The Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science (CLADS), Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project (hereafter referred to "the Project") in FY2020. The Project aims to contribute to solving problems in the nuclear energy field represented by the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). For this purpose, intelligence was collected from all over the world, and basic research and human resource development were promoted by closely integrating/collaborating knowledge and experiences in various fields beyond the barrier of conventional organizations and research fields. The sponsor of the Project was moved from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology to JAEA since the newly adopted proposals in FY2018. On this occasion, JAEA constructed a new research system where JAEA-academia collaboration is reinforced and medium-to-long term research/development and human resource development contributing to the decommissioning are stably and consecutively implemented. Among the adopted proposals in FY2020, this report summarizes the research results of the "Development of rapid and sensitive radionuclide analysis method by simultaneous analysis of $$beta$$, $$gamma$$, and X-rays" conducted in FY2020. The present study aims to enable rapid analysis of radionuclides in fuel debris and waste, and develops the measurement system such as multiple $$gamma$$-ray detection method. We develop a spectral determination method (SDM method) for integrated analysis by constructing a spectral database for nuclides including $$beta$$-rays and X-rays by measurement using this system and radiation simulation calculation. This method enables simultaneous quantification of multiple nuclides and reduces the chemical separation process.

Journal Articles

Development of the multi-cubic $$gamma$$-ray spectrometer and its performance under intense $$^{137}$$Cs and $$^{60}$$Co radiation fields

Kaburagi, Masaaki; Shimazoe, Kenji*; Kato, Masahiro*; Kurosawa, Tadahiro*; Kamada, Kei*; Kim, K. J.*; Yoshino, Masao*; Shoji, Yasuhiro*; Yoshikawa, Akira*; Takahashi, Hiroyuki*

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 1010, p.165544_1 - 165544_9, 2021/09

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2021.165544
 Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.02(Instruments & Instrumentation)

The number of nuclear facilities being decommissioned has been increasing worldwide, in particular following the accident of the Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings' Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station in 2011. In these nuclear facilities, proper management of radioactive materials is required. Then, A $$gamma$$-ray spectrometer with four segmentations using small volume CeBr$$_{3}$$ scintillators with a dimension of $$5 times 5 times 5$$ $$rm{mm}^3$$ was developed. The four scintillators were coupled to a multi-anode photomultiplier tube specific to intense radiation fields. We performed the $$gamma$$-ray exposure study under $$^{137}$$Cs and $$^{60}$$Co radiation fields. Under the $$^{137}$$Cs radiation field, the relative energy resolution at 1375 mSv/h was the relative energy resolution at 1375 mSv/h was 9.2$$pm$$0.05%, 8.0$$pm$$0.08%, 8.0$$pm$$0.03%, and 9.0$$pm$$0.04% for the four channels, respectively.

Journal Articles

Gamma-ray spectroscopy with a CeBr$$_3$$ scintillator under intense $$gamma$$-ray fields for nuclear decommissioning

Kaburagi, Masaaki; Shimazoe, Kenji*; Kato, Masahiro*; Kurosawa, Tadahiro*; Kamada, Kei*; Kim, K. J.*; Yoshino, Masao*; Shoji, Yasuhiro*; Yoshikawa, Akira*; Takahashi, Hiroyuki*; et al.

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 988, p.164900_1 - 164900_8, 2021/02

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2020.164900
 Times Cited Count：11 Percentile：88.45(Instruments & Instrumentation)

An increasing number of nuclear facilities have been decommissioned worldwide following the 2011 accident of the TEPCO' Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. During the decommissioning, radioactive materials have to be retrieved under proper management. In this study, a small cubic CeBr$$_3$$ spectrometer with dimensions of 5 mm $$times$$ 5 mm $$times$$ 5 mm was manufactured to perform $$gamma$$-ray spectroscopy under intense $$gamma$$-ray fields. Furthermore, thanks to a fast digital process unit and a customized photomultiplier, the device could perform $$gamma$$-ray spectroscopy at dose rates of over 1 Sv/h. The energy resolution (FWHM) at 662 keV ranged from 4.4% at 22 mSv/h to 5.2% at 1407 mSv/h for a $$^{137}$$Cs radiation field. Correspondingly, at 1333 keV, it ranged from 3.1% at 26 mSv/h to 4.2% at 2221 mSv/h for a $$^{60}$$Co radiation field, which suggested to realize $$gamma$$-ray assessment of $$^{134}$$Cs, $$^{137}$$Cs, $$^{60}$$Co, and $$^{154}$$Eu at dose rates of over 1 Sv/h.

Journal Articles

Model design of a compact delayed gamma-ray moderator system using $$^{252}$$Cf for safeguards verification measurements

Rodriguez, D.; Rossi, F.; Takahashi, Tone; Seya, Michio; Koizumi, Mitsuo

Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 148, p.114 - 125, 2019/06

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.01.002
 Times Cited Count：5 Percentile：48.18(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)

Journal Articles

Gamma-ray spectrum from thermal neutron capture on gadolinium-157

Hagiwara, Kaito*; Yano, Takatomi*; Das, P. K.*; Lorenz, S.*; Ou, Iwa*; Sakuda, Makoto*; Kimura, Atsushi; Nakamura, Shoji; Iwamoto, Nobuyuki; Harada, Hideo; et al.

Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (Internet), 2019(2), p.023D01_1 - 023D01_26, 2019/02

https://doi.org/10.1093/ptep/ptz002
 Times Cited Count：32 Percentile：87.57(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

Journal Articles

Effect of chloride ion on corrosion behavior of SUS316L-grade stainless steel in nitric acid solutions containing seawater components under $$gamma$$-ray irradiation

Sano, Yuichi; Ambai, Hiromu; Takeuchi, Masayuki; Iijima, Shizuka; Uchida, Naoki

Journal of Nuclear Materials, 493, p.200 - 206, 2017/09

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2017.06.017
 Times Cited Count：7 Percentile：56.46(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Concerning the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, we investigated the effect of chloride ion on the corrosion behavior of SUS316L stainless steel, which is a typical material for the equipment used in reprocessing, in HNO$$_{3}$$ solution containing seawater components, including under the $$gamma$$-ray irradiation condition. Electrochemical and immersion tests were carried out using a mixture of HNO$$_{3}$$ and artificial seawater (ASW). In the HNO$$_{3}$$ solution containing high amounts of ASW, the cathodic current densities increased and uniform corrosion progressed. This might be caused by strong oxidants, such as Cl$$_{2}$$ and NOCl, generated in the reaction between HNO$$_{3}$$ and Cl$$^{-}$$ ions. The corrosion rate decreased with the immersion time at low concentrations of HNO$$_{3}$$, while it increased at high concentrations. Under the $$gamma$$-ray irradiation condition, the corrosion rate decreased due to the suppression of the cathodic reactions by the reaction between the above oxidants and HNO$$_{2}$$ generated by radiolysis.

Journal Articles

Effect of oxide film formed during $$gamma$$-ray irradiation on pitting corrosion of fuel cladding in water containing sea salt

Motooka, Takafumi; Tsukada, Takashi

Proceedings of 2014 Nuclear Plant Chemistry Conference (NPC 2014) (USB Flash Drive), 9 Pages, 2014/10

In Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F), seawater was injected into spent fuel pools in March 2011. Zircaloy-2 is adopted for the fuel cladding at 1F. Zirconium alloys including Zircaloy-2 are susceptible to pitting corrosion in oxidizing chloride solutions. In this study, we investigated the effect of oxide film formed during $$gamma$$-ray irradiation on pitting corrosion of fuel cladding in water containing sea salt. The pitting potentials of Zircaloy-2 were measured using the water containing artificial sea salt. Changes in the composition of water containing sea salt were analyzed before and after $$gamma$$-ray irradiation. The characteristics of the oxide films formed on Zircaloy-2 were evaluated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Solution analyses for water containing sea salt showed that hydrogen peroxide was generated by the irradiation. The pitting potential of Ziracloy-2 with oxide film formed under $$gamma$$-ray irradiation was higher than that with oxide film formed without irradiation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the oxide film was composed of zirconium oxide and the growth of oxide film was enhanced during the irradiation. It could thus be explained that the enhanced growth of oxide film under $$gamma$$-ray irradiation caused the higher pitting potential.

Journal Articles

Evolved gases from organic materials used in the superconducting magnets irradiated by gamma rays at liquid nitrogen temperature

Idesaki, Akira; Morishita, Norio; Ito, Hisayoshi; Kamiya, Tomihiro; Nakamoto, Tatsushi*; Kimura, Nobuhiro*; Makida, Yasuhiro*; Ogitsu, Toru*; Ohata, Hirokatsu*; Yamamoto, Akira*

AIP Conference Proceedings 824, p.330 - 334, 2006/03

https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2192368

Polyimide films and glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRPs) are used as insulating or structural materials for superconducting magnets in a neutrino beam line of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). It is indispensable to evaluate radiation resistance of these materials, because they are required to keep their electrical and mechanical properties in a high radiation field of 30 kGy/year at low temperature of 4 K. In this work, the gas evolution resulting from chemical reactions induced in the polyimide films and GFRPs by $$gamma$$ ray irradiation at 77 K was investigated. It was found that the main component of the evolved gas is hydrogen. The amount of hydrogen evolved from the superconducting magnet system used in the neutrino beam line was estimated to be 0.37 mol/year (0.01 L/year as the volume of liquid hydrogen). It indicates that the hydrogen evolved from the organic materials does not influence on the operation of the helium purifying system.

Journal Articles

Mechanical properties of organic materials used in superconducting magnets irradiated by gamma rays at liquid nitrogen temperature

Nakamoto, Tatsushi*; Idesaki, Akira; Morishita, Norio; Ito, Hisayoshi; Kamiya, Tomihiro; Kimura, Nobuhiro*; Makida, Yasuhiro*; Ogitsu, Toru*; Ohata, Hirokatsu*; Yamamoto, Akira*

AIP Conference Proceedings 824, p.225 - 232, 2006/03

https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2192355

Radiation resistance with respect to mechanical properties of organic materials used in the superconducting magnets for the 50 GeV - 750 kW proton beam line for the J-PARC neutrino experiment was studied. Specimens cooled at liquid nitrogen temperature of 77 K were irradiated by gamma rays beyond 10 MGy. The flexural strength of glass-fiber reinforced plastics (GFRPs), the tear strength of polyimide films and the tensile lap-shear strength of adhesive films were evaluated. It was verified that the organic materials used in the superconducting magnet have a sufficient radiation resistance, and the degradation of their mechanical properties after 10 years operation was estimated to be negligible.

Journal Articles

Assessment of human body surface and internal dose estimations in criticality accidents based on experimental and computational simulations

Sono, Hiroki; Ono, Akio*; Kojima, Takuji; Takahashi, Fumiaki; Yamane, Yoshihiro*

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 43(3), p.276 - 284, 2006/03

https://doi.org/10.3327/jnst.43.276
 Times Cited Count：1 Percentile：9.94(Nuclear Science & Technology)

For a study on the applicability of a personal dosimetry method to criticality accident dosimetry, an assessment of the human body surface and internal dose estimations was performed by experimental and computational simulations. The experimental simulation was carried out in a criticality accident situation at the TRACY facility. The neutron and $$gamma$$-ray absorbed doses in muscle tissue were separately estimated by a dosimeter set of an alanine dosimeter and a thermoluminescence dosimeter made of enriched lithium tetra borate with a phantom. The computational simulation was conducted with a Monte Carlo code taking account of dose components of neutrons, prompt $$gamma$$-rays and delayed $$gamma$$-rays. The computational simulation was ascertained to be valid by comparison between the calculated dose distributions in the phantom and the measured ones. The assessment based on the experimental and computational simulations confirmed that the personal dosimetry using the dosimeter set provided a first estimation of the body surface and internal doses with precision.

Journal Articles

LaCl$$_{3}$$(Ce) scintillation detector applications for environmental $$gamma$$-ray measurements of low to high dose rates

Tsutsumi, Masahiro; Tanimura, Yoshihiko

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 557(2), p.554 - 560, 2006/02

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2005.11.117
 Times Cited Count：14 Percentile：68.04(Instruments & Instrumentation)

A new cerium-doped LaCl$$_{3}$$(Ce) scintillator is evaluated with respect to the application in environmental $$gamma$$-ray dosimetry and spectrometry. The scintillator is very attractive for $$gamma$$-ray spectrometry in the case of high count rate, because it has excellent energy resolution and fast decay time. The performance characteristics of a scintillator with a 25.4 mm $$times$$ 25.4 mm LaCl$$_{3}$$(Ce) crystal are studied and compared to those of a NaI(Tl) scintillator with the same size crystal. Acquired pulse-height spectra are converted to dose rates by using the G(E) function method. Though the LaCl$$_{3}$$(Ce) crystal itself produces a rather high background in the crystal itself, the scintillator provides good energy information and dose-rate readings from low to high-level (several mGy/h) by subtracting the self-background. The properties of LaCl$$_{3}$$(Ce) scintillator suggest that the scintillator could be a promising candidate for monitoring at high-dose levels as in emergencies, as well as at ordinary levels of background radiation.

Journal Articles

Time-dependence of differential G-values of OH radicals in water under Ne ion radiolysis

Taguchi, Mitsumasa; Kojima, Takuji

JAEA-Review 2005-001, TIARA Annual Report 2004, p.181 - 182, 2006/01

https://jopss.jaea.go.jp/pdfdata/JAEA-Review-2005-001-p0127-p0267.pdf

The yields of OH radicals in water containing phenol have been investigated for several ten MeV/n C ion and Ne ion having the same LET value, as a function of the residual ion energy at the specific depth in water. In this study, beside such energy dependence, the dependence of reaction time of OH radical yield was examined by changing the concentration of phenol as solute. The defferential G'-values of OH radicals, those G-values per kinetic energy of ions increase with specific energy of Ne ions. The G'-value just after irradiation(1.5ns) is relatively high but become lower with reaction time to be the value (2.7) obtained for $$^{60}$$Co $$gamma$$-rays. It suggests the diffusion behavior of OH radicals locally induced in water.

Journal Articles

Decomposition of ${it p}$-nonylphenols in water and elimination of their estrogen activities by $$^{60}$$Co $$gamma$$-ray irradiation

Kimura, Atsushi; Taguchi, Mitsumasa; Otani, Yoshimi*; Takigami, Machiko; Shimada, Yoshitaka*; Kojima, Takuji; Hiratsuka, Hiroshi*; Namba, Hideki

Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 75(1), p.61 - 69, 2006/01

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2005.05.016
 Times Cited Count：13 Percentile：65.77(Chemistry, Physical)

Decomposition of ${it p}$-Nonylphenols (NPs) in water at 1 $$mu$$mol dm$$^{-3}$$ was decreased exponentially with absorbed dose when NPs were irradiated by $$^{60}$$Co$$gamma$$-rays. Two products having molecular weight of 236, presumably OH adducts of NPs, were detected by LC-MS analyses. The elimination of estrogen activity of aqueous NPs solution including such irradiation products at 5000 Gy (J kg$$^{-1}$$) was confirmed by the yeast two hybrid assay. These results should expand the application of ionizing radiation to the treatment of NPs.

Journal Articles

Chain terminations in the decomposition reactions of chloroethylenes in air through the deposition of alkylperoxy radicals on the wall of an irradiation vessel

Hakoda, Teruyuki; Kojima, Takuji

Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 74(5), p.302 - 309, 2005/12

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2005.02.007
 Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.01(Chemistry, Physical)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Temperature dependence of the transmission loss in KU-1 and KS-4V quartz glasses for the ITER diagnostic window

Nishitani, Takeo; Sugie, Tatsuo; Morishita, Norio; Yokoo, Noriko*

Fusion Engineering and Design, 74(1-4), p.871 - 874, 2005/11

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2005.06.183
 Times Cited Count：13 Percentile：65.32(Nuclear Science & Technology)

no abstracts in English

211 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)